UN boss pushes COP28 to phase out non-renewable energy sources

 

 

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres. File photo

M.AMINUR RAHMAN

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Monday encouraged a measure at COP28 to gradually get rid of non-renewable energy sources, pressing mediators to show adaptability in the last hours of the environment's peak point.

A day before the planned closure of the highest point in Dubai, Guterres came back to warn that "there are still huge holes" holding up a deal.

"We are in a test of skill and endurance," Guterres told columnists.

"Right now is an ideal opportunity for the most extreme aspirations and the most adaptations," Guterres said. "No, now is the ideal time to go into overdrive

Guterres, who has focused on the environment, has approached intermediaries to put "a designated center for managing the creation and use of petroleum derivatives - the underlying driver of the environmental emergency."

He reached the highest point of realizing the "need to phase out every petroleum product" -- a position that went against the grain of oil producers led by Saudi Arabia.

In his call for adaptability, Guterres said that the concerns of petroleum derivatives producers should also be taken into account and that not all nations will have the same immediate responsibilities.

The call to action "does not imply that all countries should phase out non-renewable energy sources all at once," Guterres said.

"However, it indicates that the level of non-renewable energy sources universally should be viable above pre-modern levels with net zero by 2050 and a 1.5-degree temperature limitation".

Hamas Israel war: Israeli forces push into southern Gaza

M.AMINUR RAHMAN

 Israeli forces moved into southern Gaza on Sunday, where countless civilians are seeking cover from bombardment and heavy fighting with Hamas attackers. Aid groups have warned of a "predictably catastrophic" humanitarian situation in the Palestinian Authority, warning that it is on the brink of starvation and disease. Hamas, which runs Gaza, said on Sunday that Israel had launched an "extraordinarily ferocious attack" targeting the southern city of Khan Younis and the road from that point to Rafah near the Egyptian border. An AFP writer detailed the attack in southern Gaza early Sunday morning.

According to the latest figures from Gaza's Hamas-run welfare service, fewer than 17,700 people, mostly women and children, have died in the two months of fighting in the enclave's stronghold. Israel vowed to destroy Hamas after its unprecedented attack on October 7, when fighters came through Gaza's mobilized lines, killing about 1,200 people and taking prisoners, as indicated by Israeli authorities. Israel said on Saturday that 137 hostages were being held in Palestinian territories.With few options for recovery, individuals across the Gaza Strip sought refuge in emergency clinics on Saturday.

In northern Gaza City, an AFP writer said thousands were protecting the al-Shifa emergency clinic, which was operating and mostly wiped out after an Israeli attack a month ago. Many shabby tents designed from scraps of texture and plastic fill emergency clinic patios and nurseries amid crumbling walls. Suhail Abu Dalfa, 56, from the Shejaiya area of the city, said he escaped heavy attacks by Israeli aircraft and tanks."It was madness. A shell hit the house and injured my 20-year-old child," he told AFP. "We fled to the Old City, everything was just strikes and destruction... We didn't have the foggiest idea where to go," he said.

"We couldn't tell if they would storm the clinic in the future." In focal Gaza, Hamas wellbeing experts said on Saturday that 71 bodies showed up at the Deir al-Balahr al-Aqsa Saints Clinic over 24 hours. Furthermore, 62 bodies were shown at the Nasr emergency clinic in Khan Yunis, south of the domain, health experts said. An AFP journalist at the Nasser Medical Clinic saw a man on a small cot and others clinging to a car on the floor, while firefighters tried to disperse an engulfing structure hit by an Israeli strike. Oxfam's Bushra Khalidi said the situation was "not just a fragility, it is destroying the whole world".

'Death Penalty for Children'

1.9 million of Gaza's 2.4 million people are expected to be uprooted. Prevented from leaving the tight territory, they turned Rafah, near the junction with Egypt, into a huge camp. The United Nations Kids Organization said on Saturday that nearly 1,000,000 young people have been effectively displaced by the conflict. As fighting intensifies in southern Gaza, where Israel has recently encouraged regular people to seek cover, children are running out of safe places to go. "They are now being pushed further south without limit to water, food or unsafe, packed areas, putting them at greater risk of respiratory contamination and waterborne infections," said UNICEF's Adele Khodor. "The restrictions and difficulties placed on transporting life-saving aid into and across the Gaza Strip are another death sentence for young people."

                                                                                            

As warnings grew over the devastating humanitarian situation in Gaza, Israeli Armed Forces Chief Harji Halevi encouraged his forces to "press harder" on their mission. "We are seeing an increasing number of psychological militants being killed, an increasing number of intimidators being injured, and of late we are seeing psychological militants giving up -- a sign of the self-destruction of their organization," he said at a service in Jerusalem. Public safety consultant Zachi Hanegbi told Israeli television that 7,000 "terrorists" had been killed, without elaborating on the source of the number.

In Tel Aviv, some Israelis advocated a demonstration of harmony. Many others gathered in what became known as Prisoners' Square, with messages calling for action to save the hostages held by Hamas, for example, "They trust us to put them out of their misery". The Israeli armed forces said they lost 93 fighters in the mission, with two more injured in a bomb attack on the hostage rescue on Thursday night. Hamas said a prisoner, 25-year-old Sahar Baruch, was killed in the attack, later confirmed by his kibbutz Berri, one of the most apparently horrific casualties on October 7.

UN forces hit

An interesting UN Security Chamber vote on a disputed ceasefire was rejected on Friday by the US, whose envoy Robert Wood said the proposal was "disconnected from the real world" and would leave Hamas in power in Gaza. Iran, which backs Hamas, warned of a "wild explosion in the local situation" after the rejection. The traditional trade-off between Israel and Lebanon's Iran-backed Hezbollah has raised fears of a wider regional conflict. Israel's military said it retaliated on Saturday after unspecified "dispatch" from Lebanon involving rival jets. An assembled country peacekeeper in southern Lebanon was hit without causing damage on Saturday, UN forces said, as they tried to determine the source of the fire.

Yemen's Iran-backed Houthi rebels on Saturday forced Gaza to turn away any ship that made a beeline for Israeli ports without food and medicine permits. Brutality has similarly flooded the Israeli-occupied West Bank, where health officials said three people were killed on Saturday. The military previously said it had captured 2,200 people in the West Bank since the start of the Israel-Hamas war, 1,800 of them Hamas figures.

news source:-AFP

Photo: collected.

Timeless Crafts of Indian Carpentry

 

M.AMINUR RAHMAN

Introduction:

Carpentry in India is an ancient and revered craft that has played an important role in shaping the architectural and cultural landscape of the subcontinent. With thousands of years of history, Indian carpentry is characterized by its intricate designs, sustainable practices, and deep connection with the country's diverse cultural heritage. This essay explores the rich heritage of Indian carpentry, its evolution, and its lasting impact on the built environment.

Historical perspective:

The roots of Indian carpentry can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as the Indus Valley and the Vedic period, where sophisticated woodworking tools and techniques are evidenced. Over the centuries, different regions of India have developed their unique styles of carpentry influenced by local materials, climatic conditions, and cultural preferences.

Woodwork in Ancient India:

In ancient India, the art of carpentry was closely associated with temple architecture and royal palaces. Skilled artisans, known as "architects" or master builders, play an important role in building complex wooden structures, including ornate doors, pillars, and roofs. The use of different species of wood such as teak, rosewood, and sandalwood reflects the rich biodiversity of the Indian subcontinent.

Traditional carpentry techniques:

Indian carpentry is characterized by a range of traditional techniques that have been passed down through generations. Mortise and tenon joints, dovetail joints, and intricate carvings are some of the hallmarks of this craft. Emphasis on hand tools such as chisels, saws, and planes adds a personal touch to each piece, showcasing the craftsman's skill and attention to detail.

Regional Variation:

India's vast and diverse geographical and cultural landscape has given rise to numerous regional carpentry styles. The ornate woodwork of Rajasthan, with its detailed carvings and vibrant colors, stands in stark contrast to the intricately woven bamboo structures of the northeastern states. Each region's carpentry tradition reflects not only the local climate and materials but also the cultural influences that have shaped its unique identity.

Carpentry in Modern India:

While traditional carpentry techniques are alive, contemporary Indian carpenters are also adapting to modern materials and technology. The fusion of traditional craftsmanship with contemporary design has led to the creation of functional and aesthetically pleasing furniture, interior decoration, and architectural elements.

Sustainable Practices:

Historically, Indian carpentry has been characterized by sustainable practices. Artisans traditionally harvest wood from renewable forests, and an emphasis on hand tools over power tools minimizes environmental impact. Today, as concerns about deforestation and climate change grow, there is renewed interest in traditional, environmentally friendly carpentry practices.

Preservation and Rejuvenation:

Efforts are being made to preserve and revive traditional Indian carpentry techniques. Artisan communities, NGOs, and government initiatives are working together to document, teach, and promote this craft. By doing so, they not only ensure the survival of a valuable cultural heritage but also provide skilled artisans with the recognition and support they need.

Conclusion:

Indian carpentry is living proof of the country's rich cultural and architectural history. The combination of ancient techniques with modern innovations highlights the resilience and adaptability of this craft. As India continues to develop, the preservation and promotion of its diverse carpentry tradition contributes not only to the preservation of tangible heritage but also to sustaining a vibrant and integral facet of Indian culture.

UK announces tougher visa regime to reduce net migration

M.AMINUR RAHMAN 

England on Monday announced plans to slice the number of travelers showing through the legal course, increasing by a third the base compensation they should collect for a gifted job, amid tension over head of state Rishi Sunak for managing record net transfer figures.

The high degree of legalism has dominated the political scene in England for more than 10 years and was a key figure in the 2016 vote to leave the European Union. Sunak has vowed to win control after administrators from his Moderate Party slammed his record ahead of a political contest expected a year from now, with the Resistance Work Party far ahead in public sentiment.

In any case, both organizations and workers' guilds were plagued by labor shortages, secretive areas, and state-run countermeasures for healthy administration and efforts to follow.

Figures last month showed that annual net movements into the Unified Realm hit a record of 745,000 by 2022 and have remained at undeniable levels ever since, with numerous transients now coming from places like India, Nigeria and China rather than the EU.

Home Secretary (Inside Services) James Shrudley said the new measures could reduce that number by 300,000.

"Immigration is too high. Today we are taking an extreme step to reduce it," said Sunak, who is also trying to deport transients who show up illegally in Rwanda.

Sharp said the public authority would increase the base compensation threshold for unknown talent specialists to 38,700 pounds ($48,900) from the current level of 26,200 pounds, but welfare and social workers would be excluded.

The measures include stopping undocumented health workers from getting relatives on their visas, requiring the Health Administration to pay transients an additional charge for use by 66%, and increasing the base pay for family visas.

Tight work market

The moves could spark fresh debate with entrepreneurs who have of late struggled to hire workers due to England's laboriously tight labor market and the end of free development from the EU since England's 2020 exit from the bloc.

In October, the public authority's autonomous relocation consultant recommended scrapping alleged shortage occupations, one of the initial courses for companies to enlist temporary specialists where there are severe staff shortages.

Sharp said that public authorities will end the current structure that allows employers to pay commuters only 80% of the going rate for duties where there is a shortage of workers, and that shortages in the profession will be surveyed.

"We will stop immigration by cutting compensation for English workers," the trickster told lawmakers. "We will create another movement compensation list with a reduced occupation."

In any case, a few investigations have shown that stranger workers have no effect on general compensation or business levels, and the acute shortage of potential to fill the rest of England is a problem for the overwhelming majority of company supervisors.Kate Nicholls, CEO of the exchange body UK Hospitality, said: "These developments will narrow the pool of spare capacity from which the whole economy can choose, and will only destroy the shortages that hospitality organizations face."

"We desperately need to see a migration framework that is good for the cause and reflects the needs of both business and the labor market. The framework is not part of that right now."

The Bank of Britain said last month that firms were finding it easier to list despite persistent capacity shortages in certain areas.

Labor unions have similarly expressed concern over Shrudley's arrangements. Christina McAnnea, general secretary of Harmony, the main association in the Hellbing area, said it spelled "absolute disaster" for the healthy administration.

"Travelers will go to more inviting countries as opposed to being forced to live without their families at present," he said.

news source: Daily Star Bangladesh.

Lost in Space: Is a Giant Void Driving the Universe Apart?

 

 new "Hubble pressure" in cosmology, set apart by clashing extension rate estimations, brings up issues about the standard cosmological model. Another hypothesis places that a monster, underdense void could represent these disparities, testing conventional perspectives on the issue of circulation in the universe and proposing a possible update of Einstein's gravitational hypothesis.

M.AMINUR RAHMAN

 Cosmologists propose a monster void in space as an answer for the "Hubble pressure," testing regular models and recommending a correction of Einstein's gravity hypothesis.

Quite possibly of the greatest secret in cosmology is the rate at which the universe is growing. This can be anticipated utilizing the standard model of cosmology, otherwise called Lambda-cold dim matter (ΛCDM). This model depends on point-by-point perceptions of the light left over from the Enormous detonation - the purported astronomical microwave foundation (CMB).

The universe's development makes systems get away from one another. The further away they are from us, the more rapidly they move. The connection between a cosmic system's speed and distance is represented by "Hubble's consistency," which is around 43 miles (70 km) each second per Megaparsec (a unit of length in cosmology). This implies that a cosmic system acquires around 50,000 miles each hour for each million light-years it is away from us.

Yet, tragically for the standard model, this worth has as of late been questioned, prompting what researchers call the "Hubble strain." When we measure the extension rate utilizing close by cosmic systems and cosmic explosions (detonating stars), it is 10% bigger than when we anticipate it in light of the CMB.

In our new paper, we present one potential clarification: that we live in a monster void in space (a region with less than ideal thickness). We demonstrate the way that this could swell neighborhood estimations through outpourings of issues from the void. Outpourings would emerge when denser districts encompassing a void draw it separated - they'd apply a greater gravitational draw than the lower thickness matter inside the void.

In this situation, we would be close to the focal point of a void around a billion lights a very long time in span and with a thickness around 20% underneath the normal for the universe all in all - so not totally unfilled.

Such an enormous and profound void is unforeseen in the standard model - and hence disputable. The CMB gives a preview of design in the newborn child universe, proposing that matter today ought to be somewhat consistently fanned out. Notwithstanding, straightforwardly including the number of systems in various districts truly does for sure recommend we are in a nearby void.

Tweaking the laws of gravity

We needed to test this thought further by matching a wide range of cosmological perceptions by expecting that we live in an enormous void that developed from a little thickness variance at early times.To do this, our model didn't consolidate ΛCDM however an elective hypothesis called Changed Newtonian Elements (MOND).

MOND was initially proposed to make sense of abnormalities in the revolution rates of universes, which prompted the idea of an undetectable substance called "dull matter". MOND rather proposes that the oddities can be made sense of by Newton's law of gravity separating when the gravitational force is exceptionally powerless - similar to the case in the external districts of universes.

The generally grandiose extension history in MOND would be like the standard model, however, structure, (for example, cosmic system bunches) would fill quicker in MOND. Our model catches what the nearby universe could resemble in a MOND universe. Furthermore, we found it would permit nearby estimations of the development rate today to vacillate contingent upon our area.

Late system perceptions have permitted an urgent new trial of our model in light of the speed it predicts at various areas. This should be possible by estimating something many refer to as the mass stream, which is the typical speed of an issue in a given circle, thick or not. This differs with the range of the circle, with late perceptions showing it goes on out to a billion light years.

Curiously, the mass progression of cosmic systems on this scale has fourfold the speed anticipated in the standard model. It additionally appears to increment with the size of the area considered - inverse to what the standard model predicts. The probability of this being predictable with the standard model is under one out of many.

This incited us to see what our review anticipated for the mass stream. We found it yields a very decent match to the perceptions. That expects that we are genuinely near the void community, and the void being generally unfilled at its middle.

Case shut?

Our outcomes come when famous answers for the Hubble strain are in a tough situation. Some accept we simply need more exact estimations. Others figure it tends to be tackled by expecting the high development rate we measure locally is really the right one. In any case, that requires a slight change to the development history in the early universe so the CMB actually looks right. Unfortunately, a persuasive survey features seven issues with this methodology. Assuming the universe extended 10% quicker over by far most of vast history, it would likewise be around 10% more youthful - going against the times of the most established stars.

The presence of a profound and broadened neighborhood void in the world number counts and the quick noticed mass streams firmly recommend that design becomes surprisingly quick in ΛCDM on sizes of tens to countless light years. Interestingly, we realize that the enormous universe bunch El Gordo (see picture above) was shaped too soon in vast history and has excessively high mass and impact speed to be viable with the standard model. This is yet more proof that construction shapes excessively leisurely in this model.

Since gravity is the prevailing power for such enormous scopes, we undoubtedly need to expand Einstein's hypothesis of gravity, General Relativity - however just on scales bigger than 1,000,000 light years.

In any case, we have no decent method for estimating how gravity acts on a lot bigger scopes - there are no gravitationally bound protests that immense. We can accept General Relativity stays legitimate and contrasts and perceptions, yet it is exactly this approach that prompts the extremely serious pressures presently faced by our best model of cosmology. Einstein is remembered to have said that we can't take care of issues with the very imagining that prompted the issues in any case. Regardless of whether the necessary changes are not uncommon, we could well observe the principal dependable proof for over a century that we want to change our hypothesis of gravity.

News & photo source:-scitechdaily.com

https://aminsminilab.blogspot.com/

Exploring the Rich Tapestry of Greek Antiquity: A Journey Through Time

 

M.AMINUR RAHMAN

Introduction

Greek antiquities stand as timeless witnesses to the cultural, artistic and intellectual achievements of one of history's greatest civilizations. Spanning several millennia, Greek antiquities encompass a wide array of artifacts, structures, and artifacts that provide a glimpse into the extraordinary legacy of ancient Greece. From awe-inspiring temples to exquisite pottery and philosophical treatises, the artworks of ancient Greece continue to fascinate and inspire people worldwide.

I. Architectural Marvels

A. Parthenon: The crown of ancient Greek architecture

Undoubtedly, the Parthenon is a symbol of classical Greek architecture and a testament to the advanced engineering skills of the ancient Greeks. Dedicated to the goddess Athena, this Doric temple on top of the Acropolis in Athens is famous for its harmonious proportions, intricate friezes and innovative use of optical illusions. Despite centuries of cleaning, the Parthenon's enduring beauty continues to attract admirers from around the world.

B. Delphi: Sanctuary of the Oracle

Delphi, located on the slopes of Mount Parnassus, was considered the center of the world in ancient Greek religion. The sanctuary at Delphi housed the famous oracle, whose mysterious prophecies influenced major decisions in the ancient world. The ruins of Delphi, including the Temple of Apollo, theater and tholos, reflect the religious and cultural significance of this sacred site.

2. Sculpture and Pottery

A. Classical sculpture: human form in stone

Greek sculpture reached its peak during the Classical period (480-323 BC), with artists such as Phidias and Praxiteles creating masterpieces that celebrated the human form. The Doryphoros (spear-bearer) by Polykleitos and the Winged Victory of Samothrace are iconic examples that demonstrate the Greeks' skill in capturing movement, emotion and anatomical precision in stone.

B. Black-Figure and Red-Figure Pottery: A Canvas of Mythology and Everyday Life

Greek pottery, both black-figure and red-figure, serves as a window into the everyday life and myths of the ancient Greeks. Amphorae, kylixes and kraters were decorated with scenes from Greek mythology, depicting gods, heroes and everyday activities. The intricate details and vibrant colors of these pottery pieces reveal the Greeks' commitment to artistic expression and storytelling.

III. Literary and philosophical treasures

A. Epic Poetry: The Iliad and the Odyssey

The epics of Homer, the Iliad, and the Odyssey stand as seminal works of Greek literature. These stories of heroism, gods, and human experience shaped Western literature and continue to be studied for their timeless themes and narratives.

B. The Philosophical Legacy: The Socratic Dialogues and Aristotle's Ethics

Greek philosophy, led by luminaries such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, laid the foundation for Western philosophical thought. The Socratic dialogues, Platonic ideals, and Aristotle's ethics have profoundly influenced intellectual discourse, ethics, and metaphysics.

Conclusion

Greek antiquities represent an unparalleled cultural legacy that has left an indelible mark on the world. From the marvels of architecture to the delicacy of pottery and the intellectual depth of philosophical treatises, the monuments of ancient Greece continue to be a source of fascination and inspiration. As we explore and study these remnants of the past, we connect with a civilization that not only shaped its era but also laid the foundation for the cultural and intellectual tapestry of the modern world.

https://aminsminilab.blogspot.com/

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Bangladesh currently has 204 'green' manufacturing plants in the RMG area.

                                              

M AMINUR RAHMAN

Bangladesh has strengthened its position as a world leader in "green", for example, garment manufacturing is not harmful to part of the ecosystem, with 204 plants in the area currently working towards US Green Structures Committee (USGBC) LEED accreditation (Affirmation for Green Production Lines).

                                              

According to the Bangladesh Pieces of Clothing Makers and Exporters Affiliation (BGMEA), another Bangladeshi article of clothing production line received green framework certification from the USGBC in the gold category in December.

"Integra Dresses Restricted" in Gazipur is a Green Conformed Manufacturing Plant with 99 focus on 110 locations.

Bangladesh has confirmed 27 green structures in 2022, keeping 13 in mind for the platinum classification, the most advanced in a yea

Of the 204 green-certified processing plants, 74 are platinum-rated, 116 are gold-rated and the rest are other-rated. Another 500 processing plants are set to receive USGBC's LEED accreditation

Bangladesh has 54 of the world's top 100 LEED green industrial facilities. Not only that, Bangladesh has 9 of the top 10 global and 18 of the top 20 LEED guaranteed manufacturing plants worldwide. What's more, it's surely a question of honor that Bangladesh, the planet's most notable scoring production line, has a score of 104.

The USGBC respects the production line in terms of several rules - - conversion performance, energy, water,

and waste management. Top entertainers are rated Platinum, followed by Gold and Silver.

News source Daily Star Bangladesh

photo- collected.